Risk factors for gallbladder disease in pregnancy include obesity, dietary factors, increased pregnancy, diabetes, and family history.

Risk factors for gallbladder disease in pregnancy include obesity, dietary factors, increased pregnancy, diabetes, and family history.

• A. True
• B. False
• C. Only obesity
• D. Only diabetes

Answer: (A)

In pregnancy, gallbladder disease risk rises because hormonal changes affect bile composition and gallbladder motility. Estrogen increases cholesterol synthesis and secretion into bile, while progesterone slows gallbladder emptying, promoting bile stasis and cholesterol stone formation. When these hormonal effects combine with other risk factors, the likelihood of gallstones or biliary sludge increases. Obesity adds more cholesterol to bile, making stones more likely. Dietary factors such as high fat or high-cholesterol intake and low fiber can alter bile composition and gallbladder contraction. Increased parity means repeated exposure to pregnancy hormones, further elevating risk. Diabetes is associated with lipid abnormalities that favor stone formation, and a family history suggests a genetic predisposition to gallstone development. Because all of these are recognized contributors, the statement is true.

In pregnancy, gallbladder disease risk rises because hormonal changes affect bile composition and gallbladder motility. Estrogen increases cholesterol synthesis and secretion into bile, while progesterone slows gallbladder emptying, promoting bile stasis and cholesterol stone formation. When these hormonal effects combine with other risk factors, the likelihood of gallstones or biliary sludge increases.

Obesity adds more cholesterol to bile, making stones more likely. Dietary factors such as high fat or high-cholesterol intake and low fiber can alter bile composition and gallbladder contraction. Increased parity means repeated exposure to pregnancy hormones, further elevating risk. Diabetes is associated with lipid abnormalities that favor stone formation, and a family history suggests a genetic predisposition to gallstone development. Because all of these are recognized contributors, the statement is true.